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Research Articles

Virtual reality as a telerehabilitation strategy for people with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 quarantine scenario: physical activity, motor performance and enjoyment

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Pages 2046-2056 | Received 05 Nov 2022, Accepted 09 Aug 2023, Published online: 11 Sep 2023
 

Abstract

Purpose

People with autism spectrum disorder could benefit from physical activity during the pandemic and COVID-19 restrictions, mainly to maintain adequate physical activity. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, enjoyment, and potential effect of telerehabilitation using a serious game named ‘MoveHero’.

Materials and methods

Registered in Clinical Trials (NCT04402034). We adopted a remotely run Telerehabilitation research design with 44 participants recruited: 22 People with ASD people and 22 non-ASD individuals.

Results

All participants safely participated, 100% adherence to sessions, ∼60% enjoying the task, and significantly improved performance, with better performance for the NA group at most practice moments.

Conclusions

Our findings support both how to implement a gaming intervention and the need to investigate the efficacy of serious games to motivate moderate intensity physical activity in people with ASD.

IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION

  • A new and thrilling way to promote physical activity is through telerehabilitation to people with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

  • A tool that can possibly influence the mood of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

  • Help to implement home-based rehabilitation to people with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Correction Statement

This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by NIHR Exeter Biomedical Research Centre, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo.

Notes on contributors

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Luciano Vieira de Araújo

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Amanda Orasmo Simcsik

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain

Maria Georgina Marques Tonello

Amanda Figueiredo Santos de Almeida - Master’s student in the Postgraduate Program in Health Promotion at the University of Franca – UNIFRAN; Talita Dias da Silva - Post-doctorate completed in Oxford/UK (2018) and ongoing in the Rehabilitation Sciences Program of the Faculty of Medicine of USP (with PNPD-CAPES scholarship in 2019); Íbis Ariana Peña de Moraes - PhD in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, with an internship abroad (sandwich doctorate) at the College of Medicine and Health of the University of Exeter - Exeter/UK; Lilian Del Ciello de Menezes - PhD in Medicine (Cardiology) Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Brazil.; Eduardo Dati Dias - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Luciano Vieira de Araújo - PhD in Bioinformatics from the University of São Paulo; Carlos Bandeira de Mello Monteiro - Postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Maternal and Child Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of São Paulo; Helen Dawes; Amanda Orasmo Simcsik - PhD student in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo; Camila Aparecida de Oliveira Alberissi - Master of Science in the Physical Activity Sciences Program at the School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities of the University of São Paulo; Victoria Yanara Hernandes da Silva - Master in Cardiology Medicine from the Paulista School of Medicine of the Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP – EPM; Marisa Afonso Andrade Brunherotti - Post-Doctorate at the Department of Social Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo; Maria Georgina Marques Tonello - Post-Doctorate at the Polytechnic University of Madrid - Spain