Interaction of diesel oil contaminants with laterite soil and bentonite treated by sawdust -landfill liner

ABSTRACT

Landfill liners blended with industrial by-product seems to outperform the conventional liners. This paper presents the influence of sawdust (SD) admixed with bentonite and locally available lateritic soil on consistency limits, free swell index (FSI), compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), hydraulic conductivity and leachate characteristics. SD content was varied as 10%, 15% and 20%. Diesel oil contaminants (DOC) and deionised water (DIW) were used as the test fluids. From the test results, consistency limits, FSI, maximum dry density, leachate concentration of heavy metals and UCS decreased, whereas optimum moisture content and hydraulic conductivity increased with increasing sawdust content. Furthermore, the energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer revealed the absence of calcium in the blends which have resulted in poor cementation and decreased the UCS. X-ray diffraction showed that the presence of cellulose in sawdust and montmorillonite in bentonite adsorb the heavy metals in DOC. Based on the test results, 15% Saw dust content in the blends proves to be the optimum in retaining the heavy metal concentrations, improving the geotechnical properties and qualifying as a landfill liner material.

KEYWORDS:

• Sawdust
• diesel oil contaminants
• consistency limits
• hydraulic conductivity
• leachate characteristics

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the support from the Department of Science and Technology (under grant No. DST-SERB-CRG/2020/004281). The authors also thank Vellore Institute of Technology for providing ‘VIT SEED GRANT’ for carrying out this research work.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the VIT UNIVERSITY, VELLORE, INDIA [VIT SEED GRANT].