“Zimbabwe is Mine”: Mugabe, Murder, and Matabeleland

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Notes

¹ Editorial, Moto, April 1983.

² See, for example, Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe, The Man in the Middle.

³ Unless otherwise indicated, much of what follows is a shortened and revised version of Phimister, “The Making and Meanings of the Massacres in Matabeleland.”

⁴ Sunday Mail, 30 August 1981.

⁵ Africa Confidential, 3 March 1982. See also Ndlovu-Gatsheni, “The Post-Colonial State and Matebeland,” 24–5.

⁶ Amongst others, see Hanlon, Beggar Your Neighbours; Martin and Johnson, Destructive Engagement; and Africa Confidential, 21 January 1987. See especially Woods, The Kevin Woods Story.

⁷ The Star, 30 March 1983.

⁸ Africa Now, April 1983; and Africa Confidential, April 1984.

⁹ Nyarota, Against the Grain, 135.

¹⁰ Geoffrey, “Their Words Condemn Them,” 3.

¹¹ Zimbabwe Human Rights NGO Forum.

¹² The Star, 2 February 1983.

¹³ Rand Daily Mail, 3 February 1983; and The Star, 7 February 1983.

¹⁴ The Star, 9 March 1983.

¹⁵ Rand Daily Mail, 30 March 1983.

¹⁶ The Herald, 19 April 1983.

¹⁷ Africa Now, April 1983. For a detailed account of media coverage of Gukurahundi, see Stiff, Cry Zimbabwe, 75–245.

¹⁸ Rand Daily Mail, 3 August 1983.

¹⁹ The Star, 3 December 1982.

²⁰ The Star, 22 March 1983.

²¹ The Star, 15 August 1983.

²² The Sunday Mail, 5 February 1984.

²³ Ranger, “Matabeleland since the Amnesty,” 161–73.

²⁴ The Herald, 10 February 1984.

²⁵ The Economist, 21 April 1984.

²⁶ The Sunday Mail, 11 May 1986. See also Zimbabwe News, June 1986.

²⁷ Ranger, “Matabeleland since Amnesty,” 162.

²⁸ Ibid, 163.

²⁹ Ranger, “Matabeleland since the Amnesty,” 162–3, 172; and more recently, his self-exculpatory “Narratives and Responses: The Zimbabwe Case,” where it is misleadingly claimed that “human rights organizations did not publicly condemn Zimbabwe in the 1980s.” But see Lindgren, “Memories of Violence,” 164.

³⁰ See Gukurahundi, 223–31. Bhalagwe camp received extensive press coverage both in South Africa and in Britain. Describing it as a “death camp,” a Sunday Times report, as carried by The Star (14 April 1984) said that “many people died and their bodies were thrown into shallow pits, splashed with kerosene, and set alight. Identification papers were destroyed.” See also, Sunday Tribune, 8 April 1984, 15 April 1984.

³¹ The Times, 19 December 2008.