Effect of genotype and protein source on performance of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Abstract

Shrimp farming is supported by fast-growth and high-resistance genotypes. Protein requirement is important for shrimp perfomance. Fishmeal is the main source, but their limited production increase feed formulation costs for aquaculture. This study evaluated the effect of genotype and protein source on performance of two shrimp genotypes. Shrimps with fast-growth (FG) and high-resistance (HR) were randomly assigned to two dietary treatments (animal and vegetal protein) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. A 36-day bioassay was realised in clear-water hyper-intensive system to compare FG and HR performance using three replicate tanks for each genotype and dietary treatment. Each tank was seeded with 10 shrimp with average initial weight of 2.03 ± 0.10 g for FG genotype and 2.07 ± 0.02 g for HR genotype, at a density of 250 shrimp/m³. A weekly biometry was realised to monitor the shrimp performance. We observed a significant interaction (p < .05) between genotype and diet for shrimp growth performance. Compared with HR shrimp, FG shrimp showed higher growth and better feed efficiency. The maximum weight gain was recorded, FG shrimp was significantly higher than HR shrimp independently of protein source. Diet with different protein source significantly influence the performance of FG shrimp, while in HR shrimp there is no significant difference between dietary treatment. The comparison showed that genotype, diet and their interactions influenced the performance of Litopenaeus vannamei. This research may be useful for improving genetic selection programmes, reducing feed costs for shrimp industry and design-feeding strategies for shrimp genotypes.

Highlights

• Litopenaeus vannamei genotypes respond differently to diet.

• Fishmeal reduction on diet is posible in shrimps with high resistance.

• Genotype and diet interaction influence shrimp performance.

Keywords:

• Genotype
• Litopenaeus vannamei
• fast-growth
• high-resistance
• protein source
• growth performance

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Coordinación de Gestión y Apoyo a los Cuerpos Académicos del Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora for supporting the PROFAPI projects. The authors also thank the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología for supporting project No. 1037 of Cátedras CONACYT.

Author contributions

J.R.G.G. and R.C.H. designed the study and wrote the manuscript. M.B.F.P. and J.C.G.N. carried out the feeding bioassay, collected the data and reviewed the manuscript. F.L.V. and R.A.B.L. helped with the statistical analysis. All authors read, revised and approved the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Availability of data and materials

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].

Additional information

Funding

This work was funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología [Cátedras CONACYT project No. 1037] and Coordinación de Gestión y Apoyo a los Cuerpos Académicos del Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora [PROFAPI No. 2018_0034 and No. 2018_0105; PROFAPI No. 2019_0008 and No. 2019_0084]