Effects of microbial fermented sesame meal and enzyme supplementation on the intestinal morphology, microbiota, pH, tibia bone and blood parameters of broiler chicks

Abstract

This study was conducted to compare the broiler chicks responses to raw sesame meal (RSM), either processed by microbial fermentation or enzyme supplementation. A total of 420-day-old boiler chicks (Ross 308®) were allocated to a completely randomised design experiment with 7 treatments and 5 replicates (12chicks/replicate). Treatments include: basal diet based on soybean meal (SBM), SBM substitution with 15 and 25% RSM either with phytase [5000 FTU phyzyme XP/g (PHX)] (RSM₁₅ + PHX, and RSM₂₅ + PHX) or without enzyme (RSM₁₅, RSM₂₅), and two diets in which SBM substituted with 15 and 25% fermented sesame meal (FSM₁₅ and FSM₂₅). The results indicated that fermentation process decreased oxalate and phytic acid (51% and 44%, respectively), and simultaneously increased in crude protein (13%), ether extract (11%) and available phosphorus (61%) (p < .05). Moreover, compared to SBM and RSM treatments, broilers fed diets containing FSM, lead to significant (p < .05) increase in Lactobacillus and decrease in coliforms count in the ileum. Furthermore, the broilers fed FSM₁₅ diet had the lowest reduction in Escherichia coli population in the crop (p < .05). In the jejunum, the highest villus height was observed in the FSM₂₅ diet compared to RSM diets (p < .05). Compared to SBM, inclusion of FSM₂₅ to broiler rations resulted in blood triglycerides and cholesterol reduction by 30.7 and 23.7%, respectively (p < .05). Conclusion is that fermentation process can improve nutrient value of the RSM and could be considered as a protein source in broilers diet.

HIGHLIGHTS:

• Fermentation process increased nutrient value of the sesame meal.

• Fermented sesame meal shifted intestinal microbial population more towards benefit bacteria.

• Fermented sesame meal increased the villus height in the jejunum and decreased blood triglycerides and cholesterol in broilers.

Keywords:

• Broiler performance
• fermented sesame meal
• phytase
• tibia bone

Ethical approval

Farm experimental procedures were conducted in accordance with animal ethics committee guidlines of Guilan university.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Majid Mottaghitalab, upon reasonable request.