Editorial

In this issue of the Journal of Paper Conservation, we present studies from the 2023 IADA Congress, encompassing a spectrum of innovative and traditional approaches to the preservation of paper-based heritage. These papers reflect the dynamic efforts within our field to adapt and evolve, merging new technologies and methodologies with traditional techniques. As we explore these contributions, we highlight the latest advancements and collaborative efforts and a significant revelation in the history of bookmaking. This discovery highlights the crucial role of conservators in historical research and safeguarding our cultural legacy. With additional papers from the congress being prepared for subsequent issues, we offer a glimpse into the broad and evolving landscape of paper conservation.

Lucy Gmelch and her collaborators delve into the application of nanocellulose in Degraded Paper: Stabilisation and Strengthening Through Nanocellulose Application. Their research evaluates the efficacy of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) in reinforcing paper that has deteriorated over time. By applying these suspensions to pure cellulose paper and historical newspapers, the team observed a notable increase in tensile strength, demonstrating the potential of nanocellulose as a viable material for extending the lifespan of paper artefacts.

Susan Catcher’s The Conservation and Display of a Traditional Korean Hwarot Panel details the meticulous process of conserving a traditional Korean bridal gown panel. The paper outlines the challenges faced in preserving the garment’s embroidery and distinctive natural dye colours, including the less commonly known purple gromwell dye. Catcher’s work emphasises the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, combining conservation science with traditional Korean textile techniques to conserve complex objects.

The innovative integration of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies in paper conservation is the focus of the paper by Andrea Pataki-Hundt and colleagues Puppet Collections and Virtual Reality Technologies. This interdisciplinary project between conservation sciences and theatre studies explores the use of digital technologies for the conservation, documentation, and display of puppet collections. Their work represents a forward-thinking approach to conservation, highlighting the benefits of digital tools in enhancing the accessibility and understanding of cultural heritage.

The Graz Mummy Book, investigated by Theresa Zammit Lupi and her team, highlights the oldest known codex fragment dating back to 260 BC. This groundbreaking find challenges our existing knowledge about the origins of the codex, suggesting a far earlier use of what we recognise today as book-like structures. Through meticulous analysis of the fragment’s physical attributes—such as its central fold, text layout, and ink transfer—the team has brought clues to revisit a chapter of book history and showcased the critical eye conservators bring to studying ancient artefacts. Their work offers profound insights into early book construction techniques and the evolution of written communication, underscoring the role of conservation expertise in unlocking the mysteries of the past.

The collective insights from this issue of JPC underscore the dynamic and multidisciplinary nature of paper conservation. Our field is expanding its capabilities and reach by integrating cutting-edge materials like nanocellulose, the application of digital technologies for archival and display purposes, and a deep understanding of traditional dye and fabric conservation. The discovery of The Graz Mummy Book is a testament to conservators’ critical contributions to historical and cultural research. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is known and what can be preserved, the collaborative efforts across various disciplines reinforce our commitment to protecting our shared heritage for future generations.

Preserving paper-based materials is not just about maintaining physical objects but about keeping the stories, knowledge, and connections they embody alive. The work highlighted in this issue encourages looking beyond the surface and recognising the depth of history and craft encapsulated in our cultural artefacts.