http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1239-0865
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ABSTRACT
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici induces wilt disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), causing large loss in yield quality and quantity. In vivo and in vitro studies were conducted to evaluate effects of natural, cheaply available cow, horse, chicken, or sheep manure and the antagonistic isolates of Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato cv. Money Maker. The combination of Trichoderma isolates and cow manure performed best in vivo in controlling disease incidence of Fusarium wilt of tomato. Both isolates of Trichoderma and cow manure were evaluated in vitro and in vivo individually and in combination. In vitro the T. viride and cow manure mix produced the best pathogen inhibition. In vivo the T. viride, T. harzianum and cow manure mix produced the best inhibition. Different manures and Trichoderma spp. may be able to be used to control wilt disease in tomato and are likely more environmentally safe compared to synthetic chemicals.
Funding
The author acknowledges funds provided by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan in support of this work.