Using Mixed Methods to Examine Parental Influence on Youth Alcohol Use

Abstract

This study identified youth and adult perceptions of factors that influence initiation of youth drinking, access to alcohol, strategies for deterring youth drinking, and parents' role in prevention. A combination of qualitative (focus group and individual interview) and quantitative (written survey) community-based participatory research methods was used. Results showed that parents and other adults influence youth decisions about alcohol use both positively and negatively. Parental strategies identified by both youths and adults as important for the prevention of youth alcohol use includes communication, modeling positive behavior, monitoring youths, and controlling youths' access to alcohol. Communication was considered the most effective strategy, especially if parents do not lecture or nag their children. Both parents and students viewed monitoring as important but in need of improvement. Most youths and adults believed it is easy for minors to obtain alcohol, usually from their own or friends' parents. However, few parents had talked with other parents about youth drinking. Youths' perceptions of alcohol use norms were assimilated from adults, but many parents reported difficulty in modeling positive drinking behavior. Parent education and support are needed to encourage parents to confront the extent of youth drinking and to improve their own prevention skills.