LGBTQ adolescents of color: Considerations for working with youth and their families

ABSTRACT

Adolescence is a period during which youth are tasked with self-discovery and formation of their identity. This may be more challenging for youths of minority backgrounds. LGBTQ individuals have the additional task of understanding who they are in comparison to heterosexual peers. For LGBTQ youth of color, however, a multiple minority status can lead to particular psychosocial vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities are noted in family and social life, and may occur in both online and in-person settings. A review of literature as it pertains to a clinical vignette was performed, highlighting risk factors and protective factors for LGBTQ youth of color during adolescence. Cross-sectional data and longitudinal studies have been noted to show that sexual minority youth of color are at increased risk of relationships with adult individuals, substance use, suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and trauma. In light of this, minority status may be a protective factor in these youths' lives. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the intersectionality of LGBTQ status and racial/ethnic identity, as this may yield to increased risk for psychosocial stressors and comorbidities. Furthermore, clinicians should be aware of resources for patient referral to mitigate these factors. Further research is needed to understand the complex dynamics that occur in the lives of LGBTQ youth of color.

KEYWORDS:

• Adolescent
• intersectionality
• LGBTQ
• racial minority
• sexual minority

Funding

This work was supported by the American Psychiatric Association/Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Minority Fellowship Program.

Disclosure

The authors have no conflicts to disclose.