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Journal of LGBT Youth Volume 9, 2012 - Issue 4
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ARTICLES

Effects of “Safe School” Programs and Policies on the Social Climate for Sexual-Minority Youth: A Review of the Literature

Whitney W. Black Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
,
Alicia L. Fedewa Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
&
Kirsten A. Gonzalez Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
Pages 321-339 | Received 15 Jan 2012, Accepted 18 Jul 2012, Published online: 05 Oct 2012
 
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Abstract

Research indicates lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) youth are a vulnerable population—a status that can be attributed to a hostile social climate at school. Intervention strategies, such as educational policies, programs, and a supportive environment, improve the social climate for LGBT students in secondary schools and universities. Yet, no studies have compiled and synthesized existing research to show the exclusively positive effect safe school interventions and supportive environments have on LGBT youth. This article presents a summary of the various intervention strategies, examines the strengths and limitations of the existing body of knowledge, and makes recommendations for future research.

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