A Framework for Studying the Learning Outcomes of Chinese Outbound Group Tourists

Abstract

This article uses existing studies to build a rich framework that depicts the learning outcomes of Chinese outbound group tourists.Key themes used to build the framework include perspectives on learning from literature in psychology, previous research on traveler learning in Western contexts, learning through traveling in Chinese culture, and key characteristics of the Chinese outbound travel market.Influential determining forces are identified and potential learning is depicted as (a) no learning, (b) orientation awareness,(c) the acquisition of basic facts, (d) the enhancement of skills, and (e) the learning of values, new views, and reflections on Chinese society. It is proposed that there are variable patterns of learning outcomes among tourists depending on the mix of forces shaping their individual circumstances and travel experiences.

本文运用现有的研究，建立一个描述中国出境团体旅客学习成果的框架。用于构建框架的重要内容包括心理学文献的学习观点，以往有关旅客学习并以西方为背景的研究，透过体验中国文化的学习和中国出境旅游市场的主要特征。本研究发现了有影响力的决定因素，并将潜在的学习描述为：（1）没有学习；（2）认识定位；（3）取得基本事实；（4）提升技能；（5）学习价值观、新看法和对中国社会的反思。结果显示，旅客学习成果受个人情况和旅游经验等不同因素影响而出现多变的模式。

Keywords:

• Chinese group tourists
• learning
• memory
• facts
• values

Keywords:

• 中国团体旅客
• 学习
• 回忆
• 事实
• 价值观