The screen test 1915–1930: how stars were born

ABSTRACT

This article examines the emergence of the screen test as a cultural phenomenon during the silent era in the USA and Europe and its role in the development of the star system. The lore that grew up around the screen test almost from its inception held out the possibility for members of the public to cross a threshold into the rarefied world of celebrity. The screen test itself is situated in the liminal space not only between audience and actor, but also between fiction and non-fiction, Europe and Hollywood, the silent era and the talkies, and the public and private spheres. In order to trace the ways in which the screen test as such was narrativised and conceptualised in its foundational stages, this article will analyse accounts from Hollywood and European fan magazines of the silent era, including articles, short fiction, and early cinema apocrypha. The article culminates in a discussion of the 1930 film Prix de Beauté (Beauty Prize) starring Louise Brooks, herself a transnational film icon whose film career spanned the divide between Hollywood and Europe.

KEYWORDS:

• Stardom
• Louise Brooks
• transnational
• Hollywood
• Europe
• screen test

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1. See Picture-Play (1915, p. 32). See Fuller 1915, p. 2.

2. Available from: https://www.facebook.com/screenteststarusa/info/?entry_point=page_nav_about_item&tab=page_info [Accessed 7 July 2016].

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Elizabeth Ezra

Elizabeth Ezra is Professor of Cinema and Culture at the University of Stirling, UK. Her seventh book, The Cinema of Things: Globalization and the Posthuman Object, will be published by Bloomsbury in autumn 2017.

Ana Salzberg

Ana Salzberg is a Lecturer in Film Studies and Visual Culture at the University of Dundee, UK. Her monograph, Beyond the Looking Glass: Narcissism and Female Stardom in Studio-Era Hollywood, was published by Berghahn Books 2014.