Tool and techniques study to plant microbiome current understanding and future needs: an overview

ABSTRACT

Microorganisms are present in the universe and they play role in beneficial and harmful to human life, society, and environments. Plant microbiome is a broad term in which microbes are present in the rhizo, phyllo, or endophytic region and play several beneficial and harmful roles with the plant. To know of these microorganisms, it is essential to be able to isolate purification and identify them quickly under laboratory conditions. So, to improve the microbial study, several tools and techniques such as microscopy, rRNA, or rDNA sequencing, fingerprinting, probing, clone libraries, chips, and metagenomics have been developed. The major benefits of these techniques are the identification of microbial community through direct analysis as well as it can apply in situ. Without tools and techniques, we cannot understand the roles of microbiomes. This review explains the tools and their roles in the understanding of microbiomes and their ecological diversity in environments.

KEYWORDS:

• Plant microbiome
• phytohormones
• transmission electron microscope (TEM)
• polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
• DNA fingerprinting

Acknowledgments

P.C. thanks to the Department of Environmental Microbiology, BBAU, Lucknow and Enespa thank to Department of Plant Pathology, School for Agriculture, SMPDC, University of Lucknow, Lucknow for the writing of this manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

There are no funding agency available here.