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Transportation Letters
The International Journal of Transportation Research
Volume 15, 2023 - Issue 9
572
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Research Article

Comparison of traffic accident injury severity prediction models with explainable machine learning

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Pages 1043-1054 | Received 27 Apr 2022, Accepted 12 May 2023, Published online: 17 May 2023
 

ABSTRACT

Traffic accidents are still the main cause of fatalities, injuries and significant delays in highways. Understanding the accident contributing factor is imperative to increase safety in a traffic network. Recent research confirms that predictive modeling is an important tool to comprehend accident contributing factors. However, little effort has been put forward to explain complex machine learning models and their feature effects in accident prediction models. Thus, this study aims to build predictive models based on different machine learning methods and tries to explain the most contributing factors by using Shapley values which was developed based on game theory. Decision Trees, Neural Networks with Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Support Vector Classifier, Case-Based Reasoning and Naive Bayes Classifier were used to predict the injury severity in accidents. Belt usage, alcohol consumption and speed violations were found as the most effective features and MLP gave the highest accuracy among all the applied predictive models.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

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