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Abstract
This study aimed at determining the reliability and feasibility of constructed wetlands (CWs) performance evaluation by online monitoring. Redox potential (EH), turbidity and ammonium (NH4) were continuously monitored for one year by means of online sensors in a pilot plant based on horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetlands (HSSF CWs). Results were compared with conventional laboratory analyses. Online measures and laboratory analyses showed good agreement for NH4 (r = 0.84, p < 0.01). A significant correlation was also found for: online turbidity vs. Total suspended solids (TSS) (r = 0.85, p < 0.01); online turbidity vs. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (r = 0.88; p < 0.01) and EH vs. BOD (r = −0.62; p < 0.01). Results suggested that in full-scale CWs, continuous monitoring of turbidity, EH and NH4 would help to both daily monitoring and improvement of CWs performance. A general overview about economic aspects suggested that, continuous monitoring of wastewater quality could be technically feasible and cheaper than traditional chemical-based monitoring.
Acknowledgements
This research has been supported by FP 7-Africa-2010 grant (WATERBIOTECH, Grant Agreement N°: 265972). This study was made possible by funding from the Spanish Ministry of Innovation and Science for the NEWWET 2008 Project (CTM2008-06676-C05-01). This work was carried out with financial support of Secretary General of Universities, Ministry of Education (Spain) (Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos del Plan Nacional de I-D+i 2008-2011). The authors are particularly grateful to Eduardo Alvarez, Begoña Giménez and Antonio Lara from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) for their contribution.
