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Abstract
Dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds with zero-valent iron or iron-based bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) is an innovative technology for environmental remediation in soil and groundwater. However, dechlorination efficiency can be dramatically decreased due to aggregation of NPs. In this study, Pd/Fe NPs were modified by coating with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (K30) (PVP-K30) and PVP/ethanol as dispersants, respectively, resulting in not only the prevention of particle aggregation, but also the enhancement of overall dechlorination effectiveness. Transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscope, specific surface area, and X-ray diffraction analyses indicate the dispersant-modified Pd/Fe NPs with a diameter of 50–100 nm were α-bcc crystal structure, highly dispersed with particle size distribution relatively uniform, and the majority of NPs are spherical particles. In comparison, the batch dechlorination tests demonstrated that the dispersant-modified Pd/Fe NPs exhibited higher dechlorination rate than pristine Pd/Fe NPs under same reaction condition. Additionally, some important parameters of catalytic dechlorination of 2,4-DCP with modified Pd/Fe NPs, such as pH value, temperature, and dosage of Pd/Fe NPs were also optimized.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under Contract No. 51068011 and No. 51368025, Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan under Contract No. 2010CD029.