![Sample our Environment & Agriculture journals, sign in here to start your access, latest two full volumes FREE to you for 14 days]({"type":"image" , "src" : "/sda/5934/TOC-Subject-Sample-2021-Environment-Agriculture.jpg"})
Abstract
Industrial bloom has emerged to meet the human needs. However, industrial releases have become a major concern and risk to human health. The present investigation is directed at the synthesis of glucose–alumina hybrids using two precursors: conventional and greener standard chemical and spent foil, respectively, following sol–gel synthesis. Each synthesized hybrid was characterized using Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and EDX techniques. The significant contribution of synthesized hybrids is toward remediation of metals (Pb and Cr) from aqueous media. Frequencies at –OH (3,487–3,504 cm−1), C–H (2,935–2,964 cm−1), Al–O (798–800 cm−1), Al–O–C (1,380–1,383 cm−1), and Al–O–Al (659–669 cm−1) indicate that metal cations bind to surface of hybrid through these linkages. Mesoporous structure with narrow distribution (26–40 nm) and significant mass percentage of C, Al, and O is characterized on SEM–EDX. Batch experiments resulted in significantly higher removal of Pb (88%) than Cr (58%) that might be attributed to higher molecular weight of earlier. Further, divalent cation (Pb) provides more chelation for charge transfer with hydroxyl group on hybrids surface. Equilibrium studies are in good agreement with Freundlich and pseudo-second-order kinetics for adsorption process. Study concludes the efficiency of glucose–alumina hybrids from the greener and conventional routes is comparable. The study proposes a model for sustainable wastewater management.
Acknowledgments
The research was financially supported by the Grant PPP (PG008-2013B), UMRG (RG257-13AFR), and FRGS (FP038-2013B).
Conflict of interest
The authors certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the paper.
Notes
Presented at the International Conference on Business, Economics, Energy and Environmental Sciences (ICBEEES) 19–21 September 2014, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia