241
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research article

Place Making and Tourism Logistics in Timișoara: Facing the Tasks of the Newly Appointed European Cultural Capital for 2021

ORCID Icon &
 

ABSTRACT

In September 2016 Timisoara was awarded the title of European Capital of Culture (EcoC) 2021. This paper is a critically interpretative narrative which examines preparations for ECoC 2021 award focusing on the importance of place making and participatory governance as an interface between our institutions and public policies meant to support touristic activities. With a mix of qualitative methods such as participant observation, interviews, and critical evaluation of public documents, this research assesses the actions that need to be taken to support tourist infrastructure.

The conclusions drawn by the paper show that the touristic networks, the actors and policies fail to meet the expectations of the award so far. The failure is caused by the absence of dedicated urban policies and practices and coherence between public and private sphere of interests.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr Duncan Light for his helpful advice and comments. We would like to extend our thanks to Dr Margareta Lelea for comments and English Language editing.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

2. European Commission Call for proposals, Directorate-General for Education and Culture, Directorate for Culture and Creativity, Call for submission of applications for the Union action ‘European Capital of Culture’ for the year 2021 for cities in candidate countries and potential candidates for EU membership, 2014.

3. T. Lahdesmaki, ‘European Capital of Culture Designation as an Initiator of Urban Transformation in the Post-socialist Countries’, European Planning Studies, 2014 Vol. 22 (3), pp. 481–497.

4. M. Joppe, ‘Tourism policy and governance: Quo vadis?’, Tourism Management Perspectives, vol. 25, 2018, pp. 201–204. C.M. Hall, ‘A typology of governance and its implications for tourism policy analysis’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(4–5), 2011, pp. 437–457.

5. N. McAteer, N. Mozuraityte, N. McDonald (ECORYS), Ex-post Evaluation of 2012 European Capitals of Culture, Final Report for the European Commission DG Education and Culture, Birmingham, UK, 2013.

6. A. McCoshan, J. Rampton, N. Mozuraityte, N. McAteer, (ECOTEC), Ex-Post Evaluation of 2009 European Capitals of Culture, Final Report to DG Education and Culture of the European Commission in the context of the Framework Contract for Evaluation Related Services and Support for Impact Assessment (EAC/03/06), Birmingham, UK., 2010.

7. J. Rampton, N. Mozuraityte, H. Andersson, E. Reincke, (ECORYS), Ex-post Evaluation of 2011 European Capitals of Culture, Final Report for the European Commission DG Education and Culture, Birmingham, UK, 2012.

8. J. Rampton, N. McAteer, N. Mozuraityte, M. Levai, S. Akçalı, (ECORYS) Ex-Post Evaluation of 2010 European Capitals of Culture, Final report for the European Commission Directorate General for Education and Culture, Birmingham, UK, 2011.

9. T. Fox (Ecorys), J. Rampton (CSES), Ex-post Evaluation of 2016 European Capitals of Culture. Final Report, A study prepared for the European Commission by Ecorys and the Centre for Strategy and Evaluation Services (CSES), 2017.

10. N. McAteer, N. Mozuraityte, N. McDonald (ECORYS), op.cit.

11. A. A. Lew, ‘Tourism planning and place making: place-making or placemaking?’, Tourism Geographies, vol. 19 (3), 2017, pp. 448–466.

12. J. Rampton, N. McAteer, N. Mozuraityte, M. Levai, S. Akçalı, (ECORYS), Ex-Post Evaluation of 2010 European Capitals of Culture, Final report for the European Commission Directorate General for Education and Culture, Birmingham, UK, 2011.

13. ECOTEC, Ex-post Evaluation of 2007 & 2008 European Capitals of Culture, Final Report, Birmingham, UK, 2009.

14. T. Fox (Ecorys), J. Rampton (CSES), op.cit.

15. N. McAteer (Ecorys), J. Rampton (CSES), J. France (Ecorys), M. Tajtáková, S. Lehouelleur (Ecorys), Ex-post Evaluation of 2013 European Capitals of Culture, Final Report for the European Commission DG Education and Culture, Birmingham, UK, 2014.

16. Yi-Fu Tuan, Topophilia: A Study of Environmental Perception, Attitudes and Values. Englewoods Cliffs, NJ. Prenctice Hall, 1974.

17. William Norton, Margaret Walton Roberts, Cultural Geography Environments, Landscapes, Identities, Inequalities, Oxford University Press, 2014.

18. J. Rampton, N. Mozuraityte, H. Andersson, Eve Reincke, (ECORYS), op.cit.

19. K. Tarand, Everlasting Fairytale. Tallinn, Tallinn: Foundation for Tallinn as the Capital of Culture, 2006, p.26.

20. B. Garcia ‘Deconstructing the city of culture: the long-term cultural legacies of Glasgow1990ʹ, Urban Studies, Vol. 42 (5–6), pp.84–868, 2005 in K. Paskaleva, E. Besson, M. Sutherland, ‘Tourism and European capitals of culture: the role of destination competitiveness governance’, International Journal of Tourism Policy, Vol. 2 (1/2) 2009.

21. M. R. Martíneza, O. M. Galvánb, G. A.M. Lafuentec, ‘Public Policies and Tourism Marketing. An analysis of the competitiveness on tourism in Morelia, Mexico and Alcala de Henares, Spain’, Procedia—Social and Behavioural Sciences 148, 2014, pp.146–152.

22. Y. S. Dalonsoa, J. M. Lourenco, P. C. Remoaldo, A. Panosso Netto,’Tourism experience, events and public policies’, Research Notes/Annals of Tourism Research 46, 2014, pp. 163–184.

23. B. Bramwell, A. Sharman, ‘Collaboration in local tourism policymaking’, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol.26 (2), 1999, pp. 392–415.

24. K. E. K. Dawidson, ‘Redistributing Nationalized Housing: Impacts on Property Patterns in Timișoara, Romania’, Eurasian Geography and Economics, vol. 45 (2), 2004, pp. 134–156.

25. Remus Creţan, Ana-Neli Ianăș, Alina Satmari, Sorina Voiculescu, The Romanian Post-socialist City: Urban Renewal and Gentrification, Editura Universității de Vest, 2009.

26. S. Timur, D. Getz, ‘Sustainable Tourism Development: How Do Destination Stakeholders Perceive Sustainable Urban Tourism?’, Sustainable Development, 17, 2009, pp. 220–232.

27. R. Palmer, and RAE Associates, European Cities and Capitals of Culture: Study prepared for the European Commission, Part I, Brussels, 236, 2004, pp. 60–84.

28. Dianne Dredge, John M. Jenkins, Tourism planning and policy, John Wiley & Sons, Milton, 2007.

29. Interview with the mayor’s councillor on tourism matters on the 19th of June 2018, interview with the Head of the Tourism information Office on the 19th of June 2018.

30. Banca Europeană pentru Reconstrucţie şi Dezvoltare, Planul de Mobilitate urbană pentru Polul de creştere Timişoara 2016–2030. Raport Final, 2015/International Bank of Reconstruction and Development, Urban Mobility Plan for the Timişoara Metropolitan Area 2016–2030. Final report, 2015.

31. Documented for the Planul de mobilitate urbană/Urban Mobility Plan in 2014.

32. Data source: Planul de mobilitate urbană/Urban Mobility Plan, Google physical background.

33. http://stpt.ro/taxare/ticketing.html, accessed on the 24th of June.

34. Legea 92/2007 serviciilor de transport public local/the law of public transportation; Ordinul 1501/2006 privind procedura înmatriculării, înregistrării, radierii şi eliberarea autorizaţiei de circulaţie provizorie sau pentru probe a vehiculelor/The national order that regulates the registration and circulation of vehicles on public roads.

35. J. N. Albrecht, ‘Towards a framework for tourism strategy implementation’, International Journal of Tourism Policy, Vol. 3,(3), 2010, pp. 181–199.

36. Colin Michael Hall, Tourism and Politics—Policy, Power and Place, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1994.

37. James Elliott, Tourism: Politics and Public Sector Management, Routledge, London, 1997, p.97.

38. HCL158/31.10.2016, Decision of the Local Council 158/31.10.2016.

39. P. E. Long, ‘Researching Tourism Partnership Organizations: From Practice to Theory to Methodology’, in P.E. Murphy (ed.), Quality Management in Urban Tourism, Chichester, Wiley, 1997, pp.235–251.

40. Consiliul Consultaiv pe probleme de Turism-CCT: HCL nr. 119/31.03.2017/Local Council’s decision of creating the Consultative Committee for Tourism.

41. Healey, 1998 in Bramwell and Sherman 1999, op. cit.; P. Healey, Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. London: Macmillan, 1997.

42. B. Bramwell and A. Sherman, ‘Collaboration in Local Tourism Policymaking’, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 26, (2), 1999, pp. 392–415.

43. Benveniste 1989 in Bramwell and Sherman, op. cit.; G. Benveniste, Mastering the Politics of Planning: Crafting Credible Plans and Policies that Make a Difference. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1989.

44. B. Lane, ‘Sustainable Rural Tourism Strategies: A Tool for Development and Conservation’ in B. Bramwell and B. Lane (eds.), Rural Tourism and Sustainable Rural Development, Clevedon: Channel View, 1994, pp. 102–111. in Bramwell and Sherman, op. cit.;.

45. B. Bramwell and G. Broom, Tourism Development Action Programmes: An Approach to Local Tourism Initiatives. Insights A6 (11–17), 1989. in Bramwell and Sherman, op.cit.;.

46. HORECA: Hotel, Restaurants and Catering Industries.

47. C. MacLeod and R. Todnem R, ‘Performance, Conformance and Change: Towards a Sustainable Tourism Strategy for Scotland’, Sustainable Development 15,2007, pp. 329–342.

48. R. Welford, B. Ytterhus, J. Eligh, ‘Tourism and Sustainable Development: An Analysis of Policy and Guidelines for Managing Provision and Consumption’, Sustainable Development 7, 1999, pp. 165–177.

49. J. Eligh, R. Welford, B. Ytterhus‚ ‘The production of sustainable tourism: concepts and examples from Norway’, Sustainable Development 10, 2002, pp. 223–234.

50. L. Ambroise, ‘Tourism policy research: avenues for the future’, International Journal of Tourism Policy, Vol. 3(1), 2010, pp. 33–50.

51. It was a tax that the managers of hotels paid, not the tourists.

52. B. Bramwell and A. Sherman, op.cit.

53. S.F. McCool and R.N. Moisey (eds), Tourism, Recreation and Sustainability: Linking Culture and the Environment, 2nd Edition, CABI International, 2001.

54. B. Bramwell and A. Sherman, op.cit.

55. Two important points that were discussed within the OCT received a negative vote of implementation and installation in the presented form by the city Hall: the Timisoara tourism mobile app and the tourist tram; they still went though, exactly as designed and they were labelled as polices discussed within the CCT and OCT.

56. M. Bogdan, ‘Demisie in bloc a membrilor Comisiei Operative de Turism. Sunt nemulțumiți ca ideile lor nu sunt luate in considerare’, Tion, 19.06.2018.

57. O. Galescu, ‘Specialiștii în turism îi bat obrazul lui Robu: Dacă nu se iau măsuri, Timișoara va primi un stigmat, nu un renume’, De Banat, 19.06.2018.

58. G. Petrovici, ‘Demisie în bloc la Primăria Timișoara. Care sunt nemulțumirile’, Evenimentul Zilei, 18.06.2018.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Florentina Popescu

Florentina Popescu is Lecturer of Human Geography at the Department of Geography, West University of Timișoara, Romania. Her research is focused on tourism geography.

Sorina Voiculescu

Sorina Voiculescu is Associate Professor of Human Geography at the Department of Geography,West University of Timişoara, Romania. Her research is focused on gender studies, urban geography and cultural geography.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.