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Abstract
From retrospective survey reports 1985–87, the study examined the determinants of neonatal and post‐neonatal survival in three provinces in China. Conditional logistic regression models were employed to estimate the effects of macro‐ and micro‐level factors (such as socioeconomic conditions, familial relationships, as well as biosocial determinants) on the survivorship of neonatal and post‐neonatal infants in China. The study yielded two findings: (1) Social changes in Chinese society had a strong positive effect on neonatal and post‐neonatal survivorship; and (2) the magnitude of such social changes differed across regions which, in turn, led to the differential effects on neonatal and post‐neonatal survivorship across provinces in China.