https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1670-7321
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ABSTRACT
Introduction: Exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) is a transient narrowing of the airway that usually occurs shortly after exercise. It occurs commonly in people with asthma; however EIB has also been reported in individuals without clinical asthma. The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with EIB among secondary school students.
Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional school- based study involving secondary school students aged between 10 and 17 years without previous history of asthma. Subjects undertook a six-minute running test, spirometry was done and the best of three FEV1 readings were obtained pre-exercise, at 5, 10, 15 and 30 minutes post exercise. The diagnosis of EIB was made when there was a decrease in FEV1 of ≥10% from baseline after exercise.
Results: Of the 265participants studied, 34 (12.8%) had EIB at 5 minutes post exercise. EIB was significantly more in the 10–13 years age group (χ2 = 18.416, p = <0.001), there was no significant gender difference. The presence of allergic (vernal) conjunctivitis and rhinitis were both significantly associated with the development of EIB (χ2 = 13.574, p < 0.001 and 0.011 respectively). There was no significant association with previous history of wheeze and exposure to indoor air pollution such as cooking with biomass fuel and parental cigarette smoking.
Conclusion: EIB exist among non-asthmatic school children, and it is more frequent in the early adolescent age-group. Students with allergic conjunctivitis and rhinitis are more likely to manifest exercise induced bronchospasm.
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge all the students and caregivers who participated in this study. We also thank the principals and the entire staff of the secondary schools who took part in this study for their support and cooperation during the period of data collection.
Disclosure statement
The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
Additional information
Notes on contributors
A. O. Odeyemi
Dr. Abimbola Odeyemi is a Lecturer and Consultant Paediatrician at the Department of Paediatrics, Bowen University and Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Her Research interest is in the area of Lung infection in Children and Pediatric Asthma. She is happily married with Children.
A. O. Odeyemi
Dr. Abiona Odeyemi is a Lecturer and Consultant Physician and Pulmonologist at the Department of Medicine, Bowen University and Bowen University Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. His Research interest is in the area of Lung infections, Obstructive Lung Diseases and Sleep Medicine. He is happily married with Children.
O. V. Kayode
Dr. Olamide Kayode is a Consultant Pediatrician at the Paediatrics Unit of Reddington Multi specialty Hospital, Victoria Island, Lagos-state. Nigeria. He is happily married with Children.
S. B. A. Oseni
Dr Saheed Oseni is a Senior Lecturer and Consultant Paediatrician at the Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. His research interest is in the area of Paediatric Neurology. He is happily married with children.
O. A. Oyedeji
Dr Olusola Oyedeji is an Associate Professor and Consultant Paediatrician at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) and LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. His research interest is in the area of Paediatric Pulmonology, allergic and infectious diseases in children. He is happily married with children.