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ABSTRACT
The older population is expected to nearly double across the globe by 2050, and the baby boom cohort is expected to represent at least 20% of the US population by 2030. Geriatric patients will increasingly utilize the health-care system, and therefore surgical and perioperative care must be tailored to this sensitive group given the increased risk for perioperative complications. The literature was reviewed to highlight fundamental components of the preoperative evaluation as well as cardiac, pulmonary, and renal complications. Frailty is a multidimensional process that can lead to the physiologic effects of aging and estimates the risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality better than chronologic age alone. Health-care providers should assess a geriatric patient’s cognitive status, decision-making capacity, frailty, advance care planning, medications, and anesthetic approach in a multidisciplinary fashion to ensure optimal care. The risks of postoperative cardiac, pulmonary, and renal complications should be evaluated and optimized preoperatively to reduce the potential for adverse outcomes.
Declaration of interest
The contents of the paper and the opinions expressed within are those of the authors, and it was the decision of the authors to submit the manuscript for publication.
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
A reviewer on this manuscript has disclosed that they have received research grants from NIH, NHCBI and RO1. Peer reviewers on this manuscript have no other relevant financial relationships or otherwise to disclose.
Correction Statement
This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.