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Notes
1. Gramsci, A. 1917. Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci.
2. Feinberg (1984) defined harm as the ‘defeating of an interest’, that is ‘the range of things in which an individual has a stake’. ‘Harm is most often understood in physical and individual terms, it also includes psychological, social, economic, reputational, legal and environmental damage. Those suffering harm may extend beyond the individuals directly participating in the research to include groups, communities, and the society at large. In social science research, harm is generally more likely to involve psychological distress, discomfort, social disadvantage, stigma, invasion of privacy or infringement of rights than physical injury’ (cited in PRORES Glossary).
3. A term used by Gayatri Spivak (1998) in Can the Subaltern Speak to identify the silencing of marginalised groups. Dotson, K, 2011 (see below) writes of epistemic violence as the failure of hearers to ‘meet speaker dependency’ in linguistic exchanges with the consequences of ‘silencing people when attempting to testify from oppressed positions in society’.
4. Maher, Alice and Gleeson, Sinead. 2022. We are the Map, The Magdalene Series, Rua Red, No 2, p7.
5. Dotson, Kristie. 2011. Tracking Epistemic Violence, Tracking Practices of Silencing. Hypatia 26, 2: 236–257.
6. Lorde, Audre. 1984. The Masters Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House. Sister Outsider: Essays and Speeches (110–114).
7. (2016) Millar, M and Crosse, R. Lone Parents and Activation, What Works and Why: A Review of the International Evidence in the Irish Context. Galway: The UNESCO Child and Family Research Centre, National University of Ireland Galway.
8. Social justice includes relational justice, re/distributive justice, recognition-led justice and representational justice (Lynch, 10).