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Articles

Eco-ethology of the wintering ferruginous duck Aythya nyroca (Anatidae) in Garaet Hadj Tahar (Guerbes-Sanhadja, Northeast of Algeria)

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Pages 297-304 | Received 14 Apr 2014, Accepted 06 Aug 2014, Published online: 18 Sep 2014
 

Abstract

The ecology (phenology and diurnal eco-ethology) of the ferruginous duck Aythya nyroca was studied during three seasons of its wintering (2010/2011, 2011/2012, and 2012/2013) in Garaet Hadj Tahar (a Ramsar site since 2001 with an area of 120 ha, complex of Guerbes-Sanhadja, Skikda, Northeast of Algeria). The maximum number of ferruginous ducks recorded there in December 2012 was 605 individuals. This figure includes the total number of these birds in two populations living at the site: the first one is a nesting sedentary population consisting of about 20 pairs, and the second one, more numerous, frequents the center of this wetland only in wintering seasons. The study of the rhythm of diurnal activities showed that sleeping is the dominant activity of ferruginous ducks accounting for 42.5% of their time budget. It is followed by activities of swimming (20.6%), feeding (19.3%), cleaning (9.3%), and finally, flying (7.7%). Parading constitutes a very small proportion of the time-activity budget of ducks and was not observed until the end of the wintering season. Also, the current study has revealed the role of this wetland in diurnal recovery of ferruginous ducks.

Trijų žiemojimo sezonų (2010/2011, 2011/2012 ir 2012/2013 m.) metu Garaet Hadj Tahar vietovėje (Guerbes-Sanhadja kompleksas, Skikda, Šiaurės rytų Alžyras) buvo tiriama paprastosios rudės Aythya nyroca fenologija ir paros ekoetologija. Pagal Ramsaro konvenciją šiai 120 ha teritorijai nuo 2001 m. suteiktas pasaulinės reikšmės saugomos teritorijos statusas. Vietovėje gyvena dvi ančių populiacijos: pirmoji sėsli, perinti (apie 20 porų), antroji skaitlingesnė, apsistojanti pelkyne tik žiemojimui. Didžiausias bendras abiejų populiacijų individų skaičius Garaet Hadj Tahare 2012 m. gruodžio mėnesį buvo 605 antys. Paprastosios rudės paros elgsenos ritmų tyrimas parodė, kad apie 42,5% viso paros laiko antys miega, 20,6% laiko juda, 19,3% – maitinasi, 9,3% laiko skiria kūno priežiūrai ir 7,7% laiko skraido. Ritualiniam elgesiui buvo skiriama labai nedaug laiko, jis stebėtas tik žiemojimo sezono pabaigoje. Tyrimo duomenys rodo, kad Garaet Hadj Tahar pelkynas yra svarbus paprastųjų rudžių dienos poilsiui.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to all the people who participated in the collection of these data and ferruginous duck monitoring: Miss Bouguenoun Imene, Miss Messabhia Sarra, Miss Amor Abda Wahiba, Miss Halassi Ismahane, Miss Abdellioui Sana, Miss Abdi Soumia, Mr Bouchaala Laid, Mr Charchar Nabil, Mr Elafri Ali, Mrs Aouissi Amina and Miss Tabouche Khalida (PhD students working in the same complex). Our thanks also go to the residents of Garaet Hadj Tahar: Fellah, Snani, Litim, Ksentini families for their reception and hospitality.

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