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Articles

Post-release monitoring of a critically endangered galliform subspecies, Francolinus bicalcaratus ayesha, in Morocco: a field study using playback call counts

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Pages 332-338 | Received 16 May 2014, Accepted 23 Oct 2014, Published online: 04 Dec 2014
 

Abstract

The Double-spurred Francolin Francolinus bicalcaratus ayesha is a critically endangered galliform subspecies in Morocco. To improve the viability of this threatened population, 300 captive-bred francolins were released into the Didactic Lot of the Royal Moroccan Federation of Hunting, and post-release monitoring was conducted. In this study, we used playback call counts to assess differences in habitat use and temporal variations in vocal activity of Double-spurred Francolins. The number of male calls per point count was significantly higher in the wooden matorral (WM) than in the non-wooden matorral (MT). The male responses per point count also increased depending on date, reaching a maximum in the first 10 days of March. The pattern was similar in the two habitats, although the maximum average call rates were significantly different [WM = 1.575 (95% CI: 1.394–1.780), MT = 0.481 (95% CI: 0.393–0.589)]. We suggest that call counts collected during this period could be used to index the annual change of the released population in that area. Further researches are, however, needed to (1) estimate the current population size of the released francolins and (2) characterize the habitats used within this protected area.

Francolinus bicalcaratus ayesha –Galliformes būriui priklausančio dvipentinio frankolino kritiškai grėsmingos būklės endeminis porūšis Maroke. Nykstančios populiacijos gyvybingumo padidinimui į Karališkosios Maroko medžiotojų federacijos bandomuosius plotus buvo išleista 300 nelaisvėje išaugintų F. bicalcaratus ayesha individų. Monitoringo metu atlikta jų balsų apskaita naudojant balsų įrašus, įvertinti biotopo pasirinkimo skirtumai ir vokalinio aktyvumo dinamika. Viduržemio pajūrio srities sumedėjančių augalų matoralyje (SAM) užregistruota žymiai daugiau patinų balsų viename apskaitos taške, negu nesumedėjusių augalų matoralyje (NAM). Didžiausias patinų balsų skaičius užregistruotas pirmame kovo mėnesio dešimtadienyje. Abiejuose biotopuose pokyčiai buvo panašūs, tačiau maksimalaus balsų skaičiaus vidurkis žymiai skyrėsi [SAM = 1,575 (95% PI: 1,394–1,780), NAM = 0,481 (95% PI: 0,393–0,589)]. Manome, kad tyrimo laikotarpiu užregistruotas F. bicalcaratus ayesha balsų skaičius gali būti naudojamas vertinant išleistų į laisvę frankolinų skaičiaus dinamiką. Dar reikėtų įvertinti šios populiacijos dydį ir pasirenkamus biotopus.

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Forest Research Center-Haut Commissariat aux Eaux et Forêts et à la Lutte Contre la Désertification. We give special thanks to the field assistants Ahmed and Larbi Becha who helped in collecting data. We also thank N. Magri for having made a map of the study area and anonymous reviewers for their critical comments on the manuscript.

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