Additive friction stir deposition: a deformation processing route to metal additive manufacturing

Abstract

As the forging counterpart of fusion-based additive processes, additive friction stir deposition offers a solid-state deformation processing route to metal additive manufacturing, in which every voxel of the feed material undergoes severe plastic deformation at elevated temperatures. In this perspective article, we outline its key advantages, e.g. rendering fully-dense material in the as-printed state with fine, equiaxed microstructures, identify its niche engineering uses, and point out future research needs in process physics and materials innovation. We argue that additive friction stir deposition will evolve into a major additive manufacturing solution for industries that require high load-bearing capacity with minimal post-processing.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

IMPACT STATEMENT

This paper delineates additive friction stir deposition, which offers a solid-state deformation processing route to metal additive manufacturing and renders fully-dense material with fine, equiaxed microstructures in the as-printed state.

KEYWORDS:

• Additive manufacturing
• deformation processing
• additive friction stir deposition
• equiaxed microstructure
• repair and recycling

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the US Army Research Laboratory (W911NF1920320 for HZY and W911NF1920011 for RSM). HZY would like to thank Ryan Gottwald for helpful comments and assistance in figure preparation.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from the Army Research Laboratory (W911NF1920320 for HZY and W911NF1920011 for RSM).