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Research Article

Collemboles Paleonurini Primitifs d'Afrique et de Madagascar

Pages 121-161 | Accepted 05 Feb 1996, Published online: 17 May 2023
 

Résumé

Nous décrivons ci-dessous 36 espèces de Collemboles Neanurinae récoltées principalement en Afrique Orientale et à Madagascar. Elles appartiennent aux trois genres primitifs Paleonura, Pronura, Afrobella essentiellement paléo-tropicaux. Nous redécrivons d'autre part le type du genre Pronura, P. kilimandjarica Delamare 1948. Toutes ces espèces sont donc des Paleonurini, seule tribu à avoir peuplé l'Afrique au Sud du Sahara. Elles sont systématiquement très proches des espèces décrites d'Asie. Ce sont: Paleonura aberdarensis, africana, dejeani, anosyennica, coalescens, plumosa; Pronura aciculifer; alata, bouakensis, camerounensis, celisi, curviseta, fluctuans, kilimandjarica Delamare, kyandolirensis, major, nana, regularis, ruwenzorensis, trisetosa, anjavicola, caeca, elegans, laminata, lemurica, madagascariensis, prima, pumilio, setimigrans, sphaeroculata, straturata; Afrobella delamarei, kirivatensis, thibaudi, wittei, mamillata, scoparia. Les Afrobella annoncent les espèces du genre Bilobella qui s'est différencié dans la zone méditerranéenne et remonte au Nord jusqu'en Autriche. Le peuplement en Paleonurini semble s'être fait d'Est en Ouest, de l'Extrême Orient à l'Atlantique. Il peut donc être rapproché des migrations Est- Ouest des lignées analysées par Jeannel, dont l'expansion a sans doute eu lieu vers l'Afrique et l'Europe pendant la période du Montien (Coléoptères Carabidae ou Pselaphidae en particulier).

Abstract

Primitive Paleonurini Collembola from Africa and Madagascar. — Below are described 36 species of Neanurinae Collembola mainly harvested in Eastern Africa and in Madagascar. They belong to the following three genera: Paleonura, Pronura, and Afrobella, all three mainly paleo-tropical. We also redescribe the type of the Pronura genus, P. kilimandjarica Delamare, 1948. All these species are therefore Paleonurini, the only tribe to have peopled Africa South of the Sahara. They are systematically very close to the species described from Asia. These are: Paleonura aberdarensis, africana, dejeani, anosyennica, coalescens, plumosa; Pronura aciculifer, alata, bouakensis, camerounensis, celisi, curviseta, fluctuans, kilimandjarica Delamare, kyandolirensis, major, nana, regularis, ruwenzorensis, trisetosa, anjavicola, caeca, elegans, laminata, lemurica, madagascariensis, prima, pumilio setimigrans, sphaeroculata, straturata; Afrobella delamarei, kirivatensis, thibaudi, wittei, mamillata, scoparia. The Afrobella are the harbingers of the species of the Bilobella genus that singled itself in the Mediterranean area and can be found as far North as Austria. The Paleonurini seem to have scattered from East to West, from the Far East to the Atlantic. Their peopling can thus be put together with the migrations from East to West performed by the lineages studied by Jeannel, whose expansion probally took place toward Africa and Europe during the Montien period (in Carabidae or Pselaphidae Coleoptera).

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