Facile green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Mangifera indica seed aqueous extract and its antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic potential (3-in-1 system)

Abstract

A novel approach for the utilisation of fruit waste is attempted in the present investigation. Mangifera indica seed aqueous extract was utilised for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The phytoconstituents in the seed acted as reducing and stabilising agent for AgNP formation. UV-Vis, Zeta potential, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SAED, EDX analysis were used to characterise the green synthesised AgNPs. UV-vis spectra showed characteristic spectra at 450 nm; XRD and SAED confirmed the crystalline nature while TEM revealed the shape to be round and average size was 26.85 nm. FT-IR revealed functional groups like alcohol or phenols, carboxylic acids, ketones, amines, aromatic amines, aliphatic amines, alkyl halides and alkynes which were responsible for AgNP formation. The nanoparticles showed more antibacterial activity than antifungal activity and antibacterial activity towards Gram-negative bacteria was more than Gram-positive bacteria. Dose dependent antioxidant activity (DPPH, SO and ABTS) and dose dependent cytotoxic effect against HeLa, MCF-7 and normal fibroblast cell lines was envisaged. The green synthesised AgNPs exhibited three different bioactivities (3-in-1 system) i.e. dose dependent antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity. Fruit waste can be successfully utilised for silver nanoparticles formation which can be therapeutically useful and effective.

Highlights

• Silver nanoparticles were synthesised from M. indica fruit waste i.e. seed

• Characterisation by spectroscopic techniques: UV-Vis, Zeta, FTIR, XRD, SAED, EDX and TEM analysis.

• Silver nanoparticles were 26.85 nm in size and round in shape

• Antimicrobial activity against 14 microorganisms

• Antioxidant activity in terms of DPPH, SO and ABTS

• Cytotoxic activity against HeLa, MCF-7 and Fibroblast normal cell lines

Keywords:

• Fruit waste
• green synthesis
• Mangifera indica
• seed
• antimicrobial
• antioxidant
• cytotoxic
• silver nanoparticles

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS) for providing excellent research facilities.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.