Cisplatin ototoxicity and role of antioxidant on its prevention

Abstract

Objective

Highlight the novelties of cisplatin ototoxicity and its prevention, focussing on the role of oxidative stress.

Methods

We screened various electronic databases and selected the reports concerning clinical data and animal and in vitro models investigations related to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and or its prevention by antioxidants.

Results

Clinical evidence showed that great advances have been made in the chemotherapy outcomes; nevertheless, the ototoxicity, mainly in paediatric patients, is a crucial issue that must be solved. In vitro and in vivo models were pivotal to deeply describe the toxic effect of the cisplatin and which are the mechanisms of action. These knowledges will help the researcher to improve the chemotherapy protocols in order to avoid the adverse effects without compromise the antitumoral action.

Conclusion

Antioxidants seem to be the most promising drugs among the large number of substances tested against cisplatin ototoxicity, however, the inflammatory pathway must be taken into consideration.

Keywords:

• Chemotherapy
• hearing loss
• antioxidant
• inner ear

Acknowledgements

We are thankful to our colleagues Dr. Fabiola Paciello and Dr. Rolando Rolesi from Fondazione A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica of Rome and Dr. Erica Gentilin and Dr. Edi Simoni from Bioacoustics Research Laboratory, University of Padua, who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research.

Author contributions

ARF and LA designed research methods, performed literature search and review, wrote the paper and are responsible for final content. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).