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Abstract
In the present study, crude extracts of Sargassum wightii extracted using hexane, acetone and methanol were assessed for in vitro inhibition of α-amylase activity. Among all the extracts, methanol extract of S. wightii showed 94 % inhibition against α-amylase. The methanol extract of S. wightii was subjected to TLC and preparative HPLC for the purification of α-amylase inhibitor. Three fractions were separated from TLC and preparative HPLC from the methanol extract of S. wightii. Among the three, fraction 2 was selected based on its potent inhibition against α-amylase and further characterized as tetradecanoic acid (TDA) by GCMS with NIST library database. Tetradecanoic acid was subjected to α-amylase and also α-glucosidase (dual) inhibitory activity in a dose dependent manner. Tetradecanoic acid showed maximum of 83 and 78 % inhibition towards α-amylase and α-glucosidase at 1.12 μM, respectively. Enzyme inhibition kinetics study has been done to find out Vmax, Km and Ki values of TDA against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Tetradecanoic acid was subjected to in silico studies by docking with α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes to find out the structure activity relationship.