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Abstract
The study examines the impact of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and employment status in South Africa utilising the National Income Dynamics Study longitudinal data from 2008 to 2017. The Generalized Linear Latent and Mixed Methods (GLLAMM) were employed to fit the multinomial logit model with correlated random intercept over panel multinomial logit without random effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity between individuals or intercepts. The empirical results indicate that the significant impact of NCDs on employment status differs by gender. NCDs were found to be most threatening to women employment status. The odds of women being economically inactive in the labour market are highly associated with NCDs. Further, having multiple NCDs also significantly increases the women’s probability of being economically inactive population relative to being employed. The results highlight the necessity for undertaking a massive awareness campaign regarding the prevention and control of NCDs, especially among women.
Acknowledgments
The financial assistance of the National Institute for the Humanities and Social Sciences, in collaboration with the South African Humanities Deans Association towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at are those of the authors and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NIHSS and SAHUDA.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Notes
1. Multi-morbidity is defined as an occurrence of more than one NCDs reported by individual (i.e. diabetes and/or stroke and/or heart diseases and/or high blood pressure).
2. A detailed description of the dataset is available at www.nids.uct.ac.za