Complete mitochondrial genome of mouthbrooding fighting fish (Betta pi) compared with bubble nesting fighting fish (B. splendens)

Abstract

Betta pi is the largest species of mouthbrooding fighting fish, while B. splendens is a globally ornamental bubble nesting fish. Complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of wild individuals of B. pi and B. splendens were determined. The mitogenome sequences were 16,521 and 16,980 base pair in length, containing 37 genes with gene order identical to most teleost mitogenomes. Overall A + T content was 57.72% for B. pi and 61.92% for B. splendens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that B. pi and B. splendens were highly supported monophyletic clades. Our results will facilitate further genetic studies, including mitochondrial variations and population structure of fighting fishes.

Keywords:

• Mitochondrial genome
• fighting fish
• Betta pi
• Betta splendens

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Akarapong Swatdipong and Sahabhop Dokkaew (Kasetsart University, Thailand), and Nonn Panitvong (Siamensis.org) for sample collection.

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest and are responsible for the content and writing of this article. Animal care and all experimental procedures were approved by the Animal Experiment Committee, Kasetsart University, Thailand (approval no. ACKU01157), and conducted in accordance with the Regulations on Animal Experiments at Kasetsart University.

Additional information

Funding

This study was financially supported by grants from the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT); the Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University (CASTNAR, NRU-KU, Thailand; No. 094/2558); the Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology, Science and Technology Postgraduate Education and Research Development Office, Office of Higher Education Commission, Ministry of Education (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE); and the Science Achievement Scholarship of Thailand (SAST; No. 5414400806) from the Office of the Higher Education Commission, Thailand.