Complete mitochondrial genome of Zyginella minuta (Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Zyginellini) from China, with its phylogenetic analysis

Abstract

The complete mitochondrial genome of Zyginella minuta was sequenced and annotated in this study. The closed-loop mitogenome is 15,544 bp in length, has an A + T content of 76.3% (A = 43.0%, T = 33.3%, G = 10.2%, and C = 13.5%), containing 37 typical genes and a control region. All protein-coding genes (PCGs) started with ATN and stopped with TAA, except for ATP8 used TTG as initiation codon, Cytb ended with TAG, ND5, and ND4 used incomplete T as stop codon. The resultant phylogeny using 13 PCGs and 2 rRNAs showed these species in Typhlocybinae including Z. minuta formed a cluster indicating closer relationship than others.

Keywords:

• Mitogenome
• leafhopper
• Zyginellini
• Zyginella minuta
• phylogeny

Zyginellini is one of the minor tribes in the diverse leafhopper subfamily Typhlocybinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), 34 genus were record (Yuan and Song 2019). Among them, the genus Zyginella Löw was established in 1885, and included 25 known species distributed across the world (Song and Li 2012; Zhang et al. 2012; Dmitriev and McKamey 2013). In 1965, the species of Zyginella minuta was reported by Yang and collected from apple trees in China. Furthermore, it was collected from walnut trees and Pterocarya sp. (Li and Wang 1992).

In this study, all examined samples were collected on walnut trees from Wujiang town in Guizhou Province, China (106°44′54′′E, 27°13′42′′N) in 3 September 2018. The whole body specimen was preserved in ethanol and stored in the Institute of Entomology of Guizhou University, Guiyang, P. R. China (GUGC), with the deposited number GUGC-IDT-00201 (Zhang 2018). Total DNA was extracted by using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Then, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Z. minuta was sequenced by Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform (Berry Genomics, Beijing, China). The reads were assembled and annotated using NOVOPlasty and Mitoz on CentOS7 platform. The annotated sequences of mitogenome were submitted to GenBank with accession number MT488436. Phylogeney tree was reconstructed by the method of maximum likelihood, based on the first and second codon positions of 13 PCGs and complete sequences of 2 rRNAs (PCG12_rRNAs) partition model among Z. minuta and 20 reference species from five subfamilies within family Cicadellidae.

Mitogenome of Z. minuta has 15,544 bp in length, including 37 typical genes (13 PCGs, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes) and a control region. The A + T content of genes is 76.3% (A = 43.0%, T = 33.3%, G = 10.2%, and C = 13.5%), which is similar to other typhlocybine leafhopper mitogenomes (Song et al. 2017, 2019; Yan et al. 2020; Song et al. 2020). And positive AT skew of this mitogenome is 0.12 and negative GC skew of −0.14. Most of PCGs used standardized start codon ATN (five with ATG, four with ATT, two with ATC, and one with ATA) and stop codon TAA. Only ATP8 started with TTG, and Cytb used TAG as stop codon, ND5 and ND4 genes used incomplete codon (T–) as termination codon. The length of 22 tRNA is range from 61 bp (tRNA-A and tRNA-C) to 72 bp (tRNA-K). Genes of 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA are 1177 and 772 bp. The results of phylogeny confirmed that species from same subfamilies were all clustered into one clade, respectively, which was consistent with conventional classification. And the tribes Zyginellini and Typhlocybini formed sister group (Figure 1), indicating that they had closest relationship (Dietrich 2013).

Figure 1. Phylogeney analysis of Zyginella minuta based on the first and second codon positions of 13 PCGs and complete sequences of 2 rRNAs (Numbers at nodes are ultrafast bootstrap support. The GenBank accession number for each species is indicated after the scientific name).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in [NCBI] at [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/], reference number [MN577636, MN577635, MN577633, KY039119, MK251118, MK251096, KY817244, KY817243, KY817245, MN661136, MN901449, MN605256, MT488436, MK251094, MK251100, MN604278, NC037210, NC024838, MG813486, MK251114, MK251119].

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by The Program of Natural Science Foundation of China (31802002); the Program of Excellent Innovation Talents, Guizhou Province, China [[2016]-4022]; the Cultivating Program of National Natural Science Foundation of Guizhou University [Qiankehe Platform Talent No. [2017]5788-32]; Science and Technology Program of Guizhou [Qiankehe Platform Talent No. [2018]5781].