3,657
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

A Big Data–Based Geographically Weighted Regression Model for Public Housing Prices: A Case Study in Singapore

, &
Pages 173-186 | Received 01 Nov 2017, Accepted 01 Feb 2018, Published online: 02 Oct 2018
 

Abstract

In this research, three hedonic pricing models, including an ordinary least squares (OLS) model, a Euclidean distance–based (ED-based) geographically weighted regression (GWR) model, and a travel time–based GWR model supported by a big data set of millions of smartcard transactions, have been developed to investigate the spatial variation of Housing Development Board (HDB) public housing resale prices in Singapore. The results help identify factors that could significantly affect public housing resale prices, including the age and the floor area of the housing units, the distance to the nearest park, the distance to the central business district (CBD), and the distance to the nearest Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station. The comparison of the three models also explicitly shows that the two GWR models perform much better than the traditional linear hedonic regression model, given the identical variables and data used in the calibration. Furthermore, the travel time–based GWR model has better model fit compared to the ED-based GWR model in the case study. This study demonstrates the potential value of the big data–based GWR model in housing research. It could also be applied to other research fields such as public health and criminal justice.

本研究建立三个特徵价格模型来探讨新加坡建屋发展局(HDB)的公屋再销售价格之空间变异, 这三个模型包括普通最小二乘(OLS)模型,根据欧式距离(ED)的地理加权迴归(GWR)模型, 以及由一组包含百万笔智能卡交易的大数据集所支持的根据旅行时间的 GWR 模型。研究结果有助于指认可能显着影响公屋再销售价格的因素, 包含屋龄及住房单位的面积,与最近公园的距离,与中央商业区(CBD)的距离, 以及与最近的捷运站(MRT)之距离。三个模型的比较同时明白显示出, 在校正中使用相同的变因与数据之下, 两大GWR模型较传统线性特徵价格模型表现更佳。再者, 在案例研究中, 根据旅行时间的 GWR 相较于根据ED的 GWR 模型而言, 具有更佳的模型契合度。本研究证实根据 GWR 模型的大数据在住宅研究中的潜在价值。该数据同时可应用于诸如公共健康与犯罪正义等其他研究领域。

En esta investigación se han desarrollado tres modelos hedónicos de determinación del precio, que incluyen un modelo ordinario de mínimos cuadrados (MCO), el modelo de regresión geográficamente ponderada (GWR) basado en distancia euclidiana (basado en ED) y un modelo de GWR basado en tiempo de viaje apoyado en un conjunto de big data de millones de transacciones de tarjetas inteligentes, para investigar la variación espacial de los precios de reventa de vivienda de la Junta para el Desarrollo de la Vivienda (HDB) en Singapur. Los resultados ayudan a identificar los factores que podrían afectar significativamente los precios de reventa de vivienda, incluso la antigüedad y el área del piso de las unidades habitacionales, la distancia al parque más cercano, la distancia al distrito central de negocios (CBD) y la distancia a la estación más cercana del Transporte Masivo Rápido (MRT). La comparación de los tres modelos muestra también de manera explícita que los dos modelos de la GWR se desempeñan mucho mejor que el tradicional modelo de regresión linear hedónica, dados las idénticas variables y datos usados en la calibración. Además, el modelo de la GWR basado en tiempo de viaje encaja mucho mejor en su función al compararlo con el modelo de GWR del estudio de caso basado en ED. Este estudio demuestra el valor potencial del modelo de la GWR con base en big data para investigación de la vivienda. Podría también ser aplicado en otros campos de investigación tales como la salud pública y la justicia criminal.

Notes

1 The main reason could be (1) the limit in the coverage of public transportation services, or (2) some of the stops or stations can serve MTZs even though they are physically located in one MTZ.

Additional information

Funding

Funding for this study was provided by the Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) Academic Research Fund Tier 1 Grant (R-109-000-229-115).

Notes on contributors

Kai Cao

KAI CAO is a Lecturer in the Department of Geography, National University of Singapore, 117570, Singapore. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include spatial simulation and optimization, urban studies and big data analytics, spatial planning, and spatially integrated social science.

Mi Diao

MI DIAO is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Real Estate, National University of Singapore, 117566, Singapore. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include big data analytics, transportation, and urban and regional economics.

Bo Wu

BO WU is a Professor in the Department of Geography and Environment at Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330022, China. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include spatiotemporal data analysis, machine learning, and remote sensing image processing.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.