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Abstract
Annotation of surgical video is important for establishing ground truth in surgical data science endeavors that involve computer vision. With the growth of the field over the last decade, several challenges have been identified in annotating spatial, temporal, and clinical elements of surgical video as well as challenges in selecting annotators. In reviewing current challenges, we provide suggestions on opportunities for improvement and possible next steps to enable translation of surgical data science efforts in surgical video analysis to clinical research and practice.
Disclosure statement
TMW, YB, GR, ORM, and DAH receive research support from Olympus Corporation. TM, GR, ORM, DAH have received research support from CRICO Risk Management Foundation. DMF is a consultant for Johnson & Johnson. GR receives research support from Toyota Research Institute. ORM is a consultant for Medtronic and Olympus Corporation. DAH is a consultant for Johnson & Johnson and Verily Life Sciences. DAH has received research support from the Intuitive Foundation and the Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons.