Titanium based mixed ligand complexes: Synthesis, spectroscopic and in vitro antiproliferative studies

Abstract

Titanium complexes with composition TiCl₂(L)(L1) and TiCl₂(L)(L2) [where, L = benzoylacetone (bzac) and L1 = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane (dach), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) L2 = 1-adamantylamine (ada)] have been synthesized by reacting titanium tetrachloride with benzoylacetone and nitrogen containing ligands in predetermined molar ratio. The structure of complexes was confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques i.e. FT-IR, UV-visible, ¹H NMR and mass spectrometory. The unit cell parameters of complexes were calculated by using powder XRD software. Cytotoxic studies were done on HeLa (cervical), C6 (glioma), and CHO (Chinese hamster ovarian) cell lines. The complex 3 proved to be most effective than other complexes against human cervical HeLa cancer cell line with IC₅₀ value of 5.6 µM which is even better than known anticancer drug Camptothecin having IC₅₀ value of 6.2 µM. The flow cytometric study showed that complexes inhibited cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle in the G₀ phase.

Key Words:

• Titanium
• Benzoylacetone
• FT-IR
• 1H NMR
• Mass spectra
• Cytotoxicity

Acknowledgement

Authors thank Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility, Punjab University, Chandigarh, for recording ¹H NMR and mass spectra and centre for material science and engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India for recording FT-IR and UV-visible spectra. We are also thankful to Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India for carrying out in vitro cytotoxic studies.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.