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Articles

A nickel complex of 2,2-dicyanoethylene-1,1-dithiolate, a catalyst for electrochemical and photochemical driven hydrogen evolution

, , , &
Pages 533-541 | Received 18 Aug 2020, Accepted 01 Dec 2020, Published online: 10 Mar 2021
 

Abstract

The reaction of NiCl2, K2(i-mnt) (i-mnt2−= 2,2-dicyanoethylene-1,1-dithiolate) and 1-benzyl-4-amino-pyridinium bromide [BzPyNH2]Br affords a nickel complex, [BzPyNH2]2[Ni(i-mnt)2], a molecular catalyst for electrochemical and photochemical driven hydrogen evolution. As an electrocatalyst, [BzPyNH2]2[Ni(i-mnt)2] can electrocatalyze hydrogen generation from a neutral buffer with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 556 (±3) mol of hydrogen per mole of catalyst per hour (mol H2/mol catalyst/h) at an overpotential (OP) of 837.6 mV. As a photocatalyst, combining with CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) as a photosensitizer, and ascorbic acid (H2A) as a sacrificial electron donor, [BzPyNH2]2[Ni(i-mnt)2] photocatalyzes hydrogen evolution in heterogeneous environments with a turnover number (TON) of 18420 (±5) mol H2 per mol of catalyst during 60 h irradiation. The highest apparent quantum yield (AQY) is ∼10% at 469 nm. Several chemical and physical methods are employed to understand catalytic procedures for H2 production.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 21271073 and 21875074).

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