Synthesis, X-ray characterization and evaluation of potent anti-angiogenic activity of a novel copper(II)-imidazole-bipyridyl complex

Abstract

In this study, 1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzyl)-1H-imidazole, (ImCF₃) and 2,2′-bipyridyl, (bipy) ligands coordinating copper(II) complex have been synthesized and successfully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR and UV-vis and elemental analysis techniques. The agreement between experimental and theoretical results have been observed. Information about local and global chemical activity, electrophilic and nucleophilic nature of copper(II) complex have been theoretically obtained. The anti-angiogenic activity results indicated that copper(II) complex showed significantly very strong anti-angiogenic potential with higher anti-angiogenic score (average score = 1.06 ± 0.01) than the standard anti-angiogenic (±)-Thalidomide (average score = 0.8 ± 0.2) with no irritation and embryotoxicity whereas both ligands of the complex showed weak anti-angiogenic effects and one of the ligands ImCF₃ showed significant and higher irritation potential (86 ± 20%) when compared with the standard irritant agent SDS (84 ± 10%) on the CAM at 50 µg/pellet.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Copper
• imidazole
• anti-angiogenic
• in vivo CAM assay

Acknowledgments

The authors thankfully acknowledge the Medicinal Plants and Medicine Research Centre of Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey for the use of X-ray Diffractometer and Anadolu University, Chemistry Department, Eskişehir, Turkey for the other spectroscopic measurements. We would like to thank specially to Mrs. Emine Kırcalı-Kocabaş from Has Tavuk Company for providing the fertilized hen eggs.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.