Novel AlCl₃@nano Fe₃O₄-SiO₂: a benign multi-layer magnetite nanocatalyst for the three-component one-pot synthesis of spiro[benzochromeno [2,3-d]pyrimidin-indolines]

Abstract

In this paper, sublimated AlCl₃ has been embedded on nanosilica-Fe₃O₄ core via a simple method to obtain novel AlCl₃@nano Fe₃O₄-SiO₂ nanostructure for the first time. The newly synthesized solid has been characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) measurements, and potentiometric titration techniques. The reactivity of the prepared nanoparticles was investigated in the synthesis of spiro[benzochromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-indolines] through the one-pot three-component condensation of different naphthols, isatin derivatives, and barbituric acids in the in refluxing ethanol successfully. The recovery and reusability of the nanostructure has also been examined within 4 runs without activity loss.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Spiro[benzochromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-indolines]
• AlCl₃
• nano magnetite
• multi-component reaction
• nanocatalyst

Acknowledgment

The authors greatly acknowledge the partial support of Alzahra University Research Council.

Correction Statement

This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.