Electrochemical determination of ceftriaxone using polyurethane-modified electrode containing caffeic acid and chitosan

ABSTRACT

The aim of this work was to develop an electrochemical sensor based on caffeic acid and chitosan-containing polyurethane (CAC-PU) films modified platinum electrode for ceftriaxone (CFX) determination. For this aim, firstly the CAC-PU structures were synthesized from three different diisocyanates and these structures were characterized with spectroscopic, thermal and surface analysis techniques. Then, these CAC-PU structures were coated on bare Pt electrode surface for the preparation of CFX selective sensors. Throughout this study several analytical parameters, such as film thickness, electrolyte type, pH effect, and scan rate were investigated by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. Under the optimized conditions, the voltammetric test results showed best analytical performances for CFX detection with a linear range from 0.1 to 1.5 mM. Limit of detection (LOD) and correlation coefficient (R²) were obtained 52 µM and 0.9991 using CAC-PU modified electrode, respectively. Stability of the modified electrode was found to be 96.78% by using reproducibility experiments (n = 10). Applicable of the presented sensor was tested in two synthetic urine samples and recoveries values were obtained 98.7% and 110%, respectively. The prepared modified electrode exhibits high repeatability, fast response, and high sensitivity, which makes it suitable for the detection of CFX in urine samples.

Graphical abstract

KEYWORDS:

• Ceftriaxone
• polyurethane membrane
• electrode modification
• sensor
• voltammetry

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.