4. Placing universities and regional relationships in context

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size

Notes

1 Serra M, Rolim C and Bastos AP (2018) Universidades e a “mão invisível” do desenvolvimento regional. In M Serra, C Rolim and AP Bastos (eds.), Universidades e Desenvolvimento Regional—as bases para a inovação competitive, pp 31–52. Rio de Janeiro: Ideia D, at 39.

2 Kempton L (2018) Solução milagrosa ou o ouro dos tolos? O papel das universidades nos sistemas regionais de inovação. In M Serra, C Rolim and AP Bastos (eds.), Universidades e Desenvolvimento Regional—as bases para a inovação competitiva. Rio de Janeiro: Ideia D: 53–82.

3 See https://ec.europa.eu/transparency/regexpert/index.cfm?do=groupDetail.groupDetailDoc&id=28229&no=5 [Accessed 1 March 2020].

4 Benneworth P and Dahl Fitjar R (2019) Contextualizing the role of universities to regional development. Regional Studies, Regional Science, 6(1): 331–338. doi:10.1080/21681376.2019.1601593.

5 Uyarra E (2010) Conceptualizing the regional roles of universities, implications and contradictions. European Planning Studies, 18(8): 1227–1246. doi:10.1080/09654311003791275.

6 Benneworth and Fitjar (2019), see Reference 4.

7 Ferrera de Lima J (2016) O espaço e a difusão do desenvolvimento econômico regional. In CA Piacenti, J Ferrera de Lima and PHC Eberhardt (eds.), Economia e desenvolvimento regional, pp 15–40. Foz do Iguaçu: Parque Itaipu; Alves LR (2016) Região, urbanização e polarização. In CA Piacenti, J Ferrera de Lima and PHC Eberhardt (eds.), Economia e desenvolvimento regional, pp 41–52. Foz do Iguaçu: Parque Itaipu.

8 Pinheiro R, Benneworth P and Jones GA (2012) Universities and Regional Development: A Critical Assessment of Tensions and Contradictions. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis.

9 OECD (2007) Higher education and regions: Globally competitive, locally engaged. Paris: OECD.

10 Addie J-PD, Keil R and Olds K (2015) Beyond town and gown: Universities, territoriality and the mobilization of New Urban structures in Canada. Territory, Politics, Governance, 3: 27–50, at 30. doi:10.1080/21622671.2014.924875.

11 Vieira C, Vieira I and Raposo L (2017) Distance and academic performance in higher education. Spatial Economic Analysis, 13(1): 60–79. doi:10.1080/17421772.2017.1369146; Fitjar RD and Gjelsvik M (2018) Why do firms collaborate with local universities? Regional Studies, 52(11): 1525–1536. doi:10.1080/00343404.2017.1413237.

12 Dalmarco G, Hulsink W and Blois G (2018) Creating entrepreneurial universities in an emerging economy: Evidence from Brazil. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 135: 99–111. doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2018.04.015.

13 Mello Neto, RD, Medeiros HAV, Paiva FS, and Simões JL (2014) O impacto do Enem nas políticas de democratização do acesso ao Ensino superior brasileiro. Comunicações, 21(3): 109–123, at 113.

14 Gianezini K and Rodrigues AB (2019) Políticas públicas no século XXI. Criciúma: UNESC; Morais DMG, Junger AP, Zambra EM, Facó JFB and Bresciani LP (2020) A evolução do ensino superior brasileiro na perspectiva do desenvolvimento regional. Research, Society and Development, 9(3). https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i3.2264.

15 Kitagawa F (2004) Universities and regional advantage: Higher education and innovation policies in English regions. European Planning Studies, 12(6): 835–852. doi:10.1080/0965431042000251882.

16 Mason C and Brown R (2014) Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Growth Oriented Entrepreneurship. Background paper prepared for the workshop organised by the OECD LEED Programme and the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, The Hague, the Netherlands, at 13. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/cfe/leed/Entrepreneurial-ecosystems.pdf

17 Aranguren MJ and Magro E (2020) How can universities contribute to regional competitiveness policy-making? Competitiveness Review, 30(2): 101–11. doi:10.1108/CR-11-2018-0071.

18 Etzkowitz H, Ranga M, Benner M, Guaranys L, Maculan AM and Kneller R, (2008) Pathways to the entrepreneurial university: Towards a global convergence. Science and Public Policy, 35(9): 681–695.

19 Etzkowitz H (2008) The Triple Helix: University–Industry–Government Innovation in Action. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.3152/030234208X389701.

20 Serra et al. (2018), see Reference 1.

21 Liljemark T (2004) Innovation Policy in Canada: Strategy and Realities. Stockholm: Swedish Institute for Growth Policy Studies; Van Horne C and Dutot V (2016) Challenges in technology transfer: An actor perspective in a quadruple helix environment. Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(2): 1–17.

22 Carayannis EG and Campbell DFJ (2011) Open innovation diplomacy and a 21st century fractal research, education and innovation (FREIE) ecosystem: Building on the quadruple and quintuple helix innovation concepts and the “Mode 3” knowledge production system. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 2(3): 327–372; Carayannis EG and Rakhmatullin R (2014) The quadruple/quintuple innovation helixes and Smart Specialisation strategies for sustainable and inclusive growth in Europe and beyond. Journal of Knowledge Economy, 5(2): 212–239; Kolehmainen J, Irvine J, Stewart L, Karacsonyi Z, Szabó T, Alarinta J and Norberg A (2016) Quadruple helix, innovation and the knowledge-based development: Lessons from remote, rural and less-favoured regions. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 7(1): 23–42.

23 See https://www.pact.pt/site/sobre/.

24 Lucas MR, Rego MC, Vieira C and Vieira I (2017) Proximity and cooperation for innovative regional development: The case of the Science and Technology Park of Alentejo. In L Carvalho (ed.), Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation within Smart Cities, pp. 208–238. Hershey: IGI Global. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1978-2.

25 Carayannis E, Barth TD and Campbell DFJ (2012) The quintuple helix innovation model: Global warming as a challenge and drivers for innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1: art. 2, at 4. doi:10.1186/2192-5372-1-2.

26 Carayannis et al. (2012), see Reference 25.

27 Uyarra (2010), see Reference 5.

28 Benneworth P (2013) The engaged university in practice? Reinventing the social compact for the grand societal challenges. In P Benneworth (ed.), University Engagement with Socially Excluded Communities, pp. 329–343. Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4875-0.

29 Boucher G, Conway C and Van der Meer E (2003) Tiers of engagement by universities in their region’s development. Regional Studies, 37(9): 887–897, at 895. doi:10.1080/0034340032000143896.

30 Kroll H, Dornbusch F and Schnabl E (2016) Universities’ regional involvement in Germany: How academics’ objectives and opportunity shape choices of activity. Regional Studies, 50(9): 1595–1610, at 1606. doi:10.1080/00343404.2015.1051016.

31 Uyarra (2010), see Reference 5; Kempton (2018), see Reference 2.

32 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (2007) Higher Education and Regions: Globally Competitive, Locally Engaged. Paris: OECD; Kempton (2018), see Reference 2.

33 Fitjar RD and Gjelsvik M (2018) Why do firms collaborate with local universities? Regional Studies, 52(11): 1525–1536. doi:10.1080/00343404.2017.1413237.

34 Raagmaa G and Keerberg A (2017) Regional higher education institutions in regional leadership and development. Regional Studies, 51(2): 260–272, at 270. doi:10.1080/00343404.2016.1215600.

35 Benneworth P and Charles D (2013) University–community engagement in the wider policy environment. In P Benneworth (ed.), University Engagement with Socially Excluded Communities, pp. 223–241. Dordrecht: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4875-0.

36 Benneworth and Charles (2013), see Reference 35.

37 Feldman MP (2014) The character of innovative places: Entrepreneurial strategy, economic development, and prosperity. Small Business Economics, 43(1): 9.