Inhibition of GH3 and HEK293 pituitary adenoma cell growth by Trigonella foenum-graecum extract (TFGE) via mTORC1 down-regulation

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum extract (TFGE) on GH3 and HEK293 pituitary adenoma cell growth in vitro in mice model in vivo and evaluated the underlying mechanism. TFGE exposure in dose-dependent manner suppressed the viability of GH3 and HP75 cells at 5–30 µM concentrations. Treatment of GH3 and HP75 cells with 30 µM TFGE inhibited colony formation significantly (P < .05) compared to the un-exposed cells. In GH3 and HP75 cells, TFGE exposure suppressed invasion potential significantly (P < .05) at 5 and 30 µM concentrations. TFGE treatment at 5 and 30 µM for 72 h significantly (P < .05) elevated induction of apoptosis. The H19 expression was significantly (P < .05) inhibited by TFGE-treatment in GH3 and HEK293 cells. TFGE treatment at 2.5 and 10 mg/kg doses led to a significantly (P < .05) suppression in the tumor growth in HP75 cell-implanted mice. TFGE treatment of GH3 and HP75 cells at 5 and 30 µM down-regulated 4E-BP1 activation. TFGE treatment inhibits GH3 and HEK293 cell viability and inhibits tumor development. It suppresses H19 expression and upregulates 4E-BP1 phosphorylation in GH3 and HEK293 cells. Therefore, TFGE may be used for the treatment of pituitary adenoma.

KEYWORDS:

• Adenoma
• Trigonella foenum-graecum
• intracranial tumor
• anti-inflammatory

Data availability statement

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).