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Original Articles

Psychological work in a post-war context: Experiences from Nicaragua

Pages 37-64 | Published online: 01 Jul 2010
 

Abstract

Psychologists and other mental health professionals working with people victimized by the Nicaraguan wars between 1977 and 1989 were interviewed on their experiences eight years after the war ended. The interviews focus upon their descriptions and reflections regarding psychological help to people exposed to war and violence in a post-war context dominated by trauma, poverty and unrest. The present paper communicates these experiences with special emphasis on the establishment of a working relationship between professionals and those assisted. Four different aspects are emphasized: the clear positioning of the helper, a firmly defined frame of assistance, combining psychological, social and practical assistance and the importance of helper and beneficiary sharing the socio-political context. The psychosocial work described is regarded as part of a process aiming at social reintegration, community reconstruction and reconciliation. The Nicaraguan experiences will also be discussed in relation to psychological work with victims of trauma and refugees living in host societies. Psicologos y otros profesionales de la salud mental, que trabajan con personas victimas de las guerras en Nicaragua entre 1977 y 1989, fueron entrevistadas acerca de sus experiencias ocho anos despues de terminadas estas. Las entrevistas dan enfasis a sus descripciones y reflexiones relacionadas con la ayuda psicologica entregada a personas expuestas a la guerra y a la violencia en un contexto postguerra dominado por el trauma, la pobreza y el disturbio. El presente trabajo comunica esas experiencias con especial enfasis en el establecimiento de relaciones de trabajo surgido entre profesionales y quienes son asistidos. Cuatro diferentes aspectos son enfatizados: el posicionamiento claro del que asiste, un firmemente definido marco de asistencia, una combinacion de asistencia practica, social y psicologica y la importancia de las vivencias compartidas, en el contexto socio-politico, entre el profesional asistente y el beneficiario. El trabajo psicosocial descrito esta comprendido como parte de un proceso orientado a la reintegracion social, la reconstruccion de la comunidad y la reconciliacion. Las experiencias nicaraguenses tambien seran discutidas en lo que se refiere al trabajo psicologico con victimas de trauma y con refugiados viviendo en sociedades anfitrionas.

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