Abstract
The combined turbulent forced-convective and radiative heat transfer of a participating medium in the entrance region of a curved pipe is investigated numerically. The P-1 radiation model and the renormalization group (RNG) k- k model are applied to simulate the turbulent convective heat transfer with thermal radiation in the curved pipe at a constant wall temperature. A control-volume finite-element method (CVFEM) with second-order accuracy is used to solve the governing equations. This study explores the interaction phenomena between turbulent forced convection and thermal radiation in a participating medium inside a curved pipe at different temperature ratio, optical thickness, and wall emissivity.