Role of Genetic and Dietary Implications in the Pathogenesis of Global Obesity

ABSTRACT

Obesity is a complex, multifactorial, lifestyle-related disorder which affects nearly one-third of the global population. In more than one way, obesity classifies as a potential indicator or contributing factor of various clinical conditions, subsequently leading to poor health outcomes and compromised quality of life (QoL). The high prevalence and reporting rate of obesity is irrespective of geographical difference, ethnicity and gender, however, they most often serve as predisposing risk factors for obesity. Additionally, environmental changes, availability & affordability of low nutrition, yet palatable food, hormonal disbalance and variation at the genetic level, prominently exacerbates the condition of obesity and its related effects. Clinically, obesity, may either lead to other pathophysiological conditions as well, such as liver dysfunction, polycystic ovarian syndrome, hypertension, coronary artery diseases and psychological impairment or vice-versa. Henceforth, to cope with the challenges of obesity and related conditions, a healthy lifestyle, personal care & social well-being is of prime importance. Additionally, a customized strategy to address the economic expenditure and newer therapeutic perspectives should be implemented to control the widespread damage of human population by this condition. The present review focuses on providing a brief knowledge about nutritional, biochemical, genetic and psychological aspects of obesity and its epidemiology.

KEYWORDS:

• Body mass index
• disease risks
• epidemiology
• lifestyle-related disorder
• nutrition
• overweight

Acknowledgments

1. Author Sheikh Mansoor would like to thank Professor Roger Kornberg, Winzer Professor in Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine (Nobel Laureate 2006) for valuable inputs and suggestions. Author Pooja Jain is also thank-full to Jamia Hamdard for providing Jamia Hamdard-silver jubilee research fellowship-2017, AS/Fellow/JH-5/2018.

Conflict of interest

All authors declare no conflict of interest.