Two Case Reports of Neuropsychological Outcomes following Pediatric anti-N-methyl D-aspartate Receptor Autoimmune Encephalitis

ABSTRACT

Anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis is a rare neurological condition. Limited existing pediatric case studies have shown mild, but persisting, neuropsychological impairments. This report described neuropsychological functioning in two patients treated for anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis. Patient A is a 16-year-old male (10 months after symptom onset) and Patient B is a 5-year-old female (45 months after symptom onset). Contrary to expectations, their cognitive profiles were largely intact, raising the possibility of minimal cognitive implications for some pediatric patients with this condition. Additional research is needed to identify factors that contribute to better cognitive outcomes in children with anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis.

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the parents and children for their willingness to include their data in this report.

Disclosure Statement

The authors have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.