Autistic Traits Associated with the Fragile X Premutation Allele: The Neurodevelopmental Profile

ABSTRACT

Although most individuals who carry the Fragile X premutation allele, defined as 55–200 CGG repeats on the X-linked FMR1 gene (Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 gene), do not meet diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder, there is a suggestion of increased behaviors associated with subtle autistic traits. More autism associated characteristics have been reported among adults than children. This may highlight a possible worsening developmental trajectory, variable findings due to research quality or differences in number of studies done in adults vs children, rather than true developmental changes. This review is designed to examine the neurodevelopmental profile associated with the premutation allele from a developmental perspective, focused on autistic traits.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Research ethics and patient consent

No informed consent was required as this article is a review and no individual participants have identifying information.

Additional information

Funding

VJH was supported in part by 1 R01 HD102429 from NIH/NICHD