ABSTRACT
This review describes, in detail, the most recent developments in instrumentation for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The paper focuses on various laser systems, including excimer, CO2, and Nd: YAG and their performance in LIBS. The coupling of fiber-optics to LIBS and development of portable LIBS systems and their performance is presented. New approaches such as dual pulse operation, multi-fiber, resonant ablation, and combination with laser induced fluorescence are further described. Finally the use of the Echelle spectrometer in which it has been combined with various charge coupled devices.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support by the Korea Research Foundation (Grant No. KRF-2001-041-D00131).