Compressional Characteristics of Native and Pregelatinized Forms of Sorghum, Plantain, and Corn Starches and the Mechanical Properties of Their Tablets

ABSTRACT

A study was made of the compressional characteristics of native and pregelatinized forms of sorghum, plantain, and corn starches and the mechanical properties of their tablets. Compressional characteristics were analyzed using density measurements and the Heckel and Kawakita plots. Pregelatinized starches exhibited more densification than native starches during die filling and at low pressures. The ranking for the mean yield pressure (P_y) values for the starches was plantain<corn<sorghum, with the pregelatinized starches having lower values than the native starches. The ranking for the values of another pressure term, P_k—an inverse measure of plasticity, was corn<plantain<sorghum, but with the native starches having the lower values. For the tablets, the ranking for values of tensile strength (T) was corn>plantain>sorghum, while the ranking for the brittle fracture index (BFI) was plantain>corn>sorghum. Tablets made from pregelatinized starches had lower T and BFI values than those made from native starches. The results suggest that pregelatinization of the starches facilitated faster onset of plastic deformation but reduced the amount of plastic deformation which occurred during the compression process.