The Macromolecular Polymers for the Preparation of Hydrodynamically Balanced Systems—Methods of Evaluation

Abstract

Evaluation of macromolecular polymers used as excipients for the preparation of hydrodynamically balanced systems (HBS) was carried out. Hard gelatine capsules were filled with polymeric substances belonging to various chemical groups (chitosan, sodium alginate, hydroxypropylmethycellulose—HPMC). The following properties of the HBS were investigated: density, hydration, erosion and floating force. The solvent penetration process into the HBS was visualized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. Densities of the HBS in hydrochloric acid (0.1 M) ranged from 0.37 g/cm³ to 0.71 g/cm³. Each polymer demonstrated different hydration/erosion abilities and floating properties. The maximum floating force (F_{float max}) for capsules size 0, ranged from 26.7 mN (sodium alginate) to 64.7 mN (chitosan). HBS formulations also varied in time to reach maximum floating force (T_{float max}). HPMC and sodium alginate formulation reached F_{float max} within half an hour after immersion, while in the case of chitosan formulations (deacetylation degree (d.d.) 66% and d.d. 93%), the time was 184 minutes and 218 minutes respectively. The floating properties of the dosage forms were reliant on type of the polymer and the medium—fasted state simulated gastric fluid (FaSSGF) or fed state simulated gastric fluid (FeSSGF). The size of the HBS influenced the floating force value. The mechanisms of erosion and swelling of the polymeric matrices play a dominant role in flotation of the dosage forms.

Key Words:

• Hydrodynamically balanaced systems
• HBS
• Floating dosage forms
• Magnetic resonance imaging
• MRI