Organic Phase Retention in CCC: Effect of Temperature, Tubing Material, Tubing Bore, Mobile Phase Flow, and the Addition of an Extraction Agent

Abstract

This paper describes an investigation of organic phase retention and how it is affected by changing certain variables that are in the control of the user. A binary approach is taken in order to perform a quick evaluation of how key factors, like the addition of an extraction agent or a change of temperature, flow, tubing material, and bore affect stationary phase retention. Several different phase systems were studied in this way (decane–water, chloroform–water, methylisobutylketone–water, and carbon tetrachloride–water). The results show that retention is higher and more stable for larger bore tubing, and that at the analytical scale, there are threshold affects at low rotational speeds, which can create significant differences in retention behavior.

Keywords:

• CCC
• Phase retention
• Solvents and reagents
• J‐type centrifuge
• Milli‐CCC^®

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by INTAS Grant, Reference 00‐0782.